func fetchShareableApps() async -> [SCRunningApplication] {
    do {
        let content = try await SCShareableContent.current
        return content.applications.filter { app in
            let name = app.applicationName
            guard !name.isEmpty else { return false }
            let bundleId = app.bundleIdentifier
            return !bundleId.hasPrefix("com.apple.system") && bundleId != Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier
        }.sorted { $0.applicationName < $1.applicationName }
    } catch {
        print("無法獲取可共享內容: \(error)")
        return []
    }
}

let appFilter = SCContentFilter(display: content.displays.first!, including: [targetApp], exceptingWindows: [])
let config = SCStreamConfiguration()
config.capturesAudio = true
config.width = 32 // 僅擷取音訊時，將視訊畫面設為極小以節省效能
config.height = 32

stream = SCStream(filter: appFilter, configuration: config, delegate: nil)
try stream?.addStreamOutput(self, type: .audio, sampleHandlerQueue: DispatchQueue(label: "com.translator.audioQueue"))
try await stream?.startCapture()

setupMessage = [
    "setup": [
        "model": "models/\(modelName)",
        "inputAudioTranscription": [:],  // 啟用輸入端即時字幕，放在 setup 根目錄
        "outputAudioTranscription": [:], // 啟用輸出端即時字幕，放在 setup 根目錄
        "generationConfig": [
            "responseModalities": ["AUDIO"],
            "translationConfig": [
                "targetLanguageCode": "zh-TW", // 設定目標翻譯語言為繁體中文
                "echoTargetLanguage": true
            ]
        ]
    ]
]

// 舊寫法：直接假設單一 Channel 指標並拷貝
var audioBufferList = AudioBufferList()
var blockBuffer: CMBlockBuffer?
CMSampleBufferGetAudioBufferListWithRetainedBlockBuffer(..., &audioBufferList, ...)

private func audioBufferFromSampleBuffer(_ sampleBuffer: CMSampleBuffer, asbd: AudioStreamBasicDescription) -> AVAudioPCMBuffer? {
    guard let sourceFormat = sourceFormat else { return nil }
    
    // 1. 動態獲取所需要的 AudioBufferList 記憶體大小
    var bufferListSize = 0
    var status = CMSampleBufferGetAudioBufferListWithRetainedBlockBuffer(
        sampleBuffer,
        bufferListSizeNeededOut: &bufferListSize,
        bufferListOut: nil,
        bufferListSize: 0,
        blockBufferAllocator: nil,
        blockBufferMemoryAllocator: nil,
        flags: 0,
        blockBufferOut: nil
    )
    
    guard status == noErr else { return nil }
    
    // 2. 分配足夠空間的指標並填充
    let bufferListPointer = UnsafeMutablePointer<AudioBufferList>.allocate(capacity: bufferListSize)
    defer { bufferListPointer.deallocate() }
    
    var blockBuffer: CMBlockBuffer?
    status = CMSampleBufferGetAudioBufferListWithRetainedBlockBuffer(
        sampleBuffer,
        bufferListSizeNeededOut: nil,
        bufferListOut: bufferListPointer,
        bufferListSize: bufferListSize,
        blockBufferAllocator: nil,
        blockBufferMemoryAllocator: nil,
        flags: 0,
        blockBufferOut: &blockBuffer
    )
    
    guard status == noErr else { return nil }
    
    // 3. 建立符合來源格式的 AVAudioPCMBuffer 並安全拷貝...
    let frameCount = AVAudioFrameCount(CMSampleBufferGetNumSamples(sampleBuffer))
    guard let pcmBuffer = AVAudioPCMBuffer(pcmFormat: sourceFormat, frameCapacity: frameCount) else { return nil }
    pcmBuffer.frameLength = frameCount
    
    let audioBuffers = UnsafeMutableAudioBufferListPointer(bufferListPointer)
    for (index, audioBuffer) in audioBuffers.enumerated() {
        guard let mData = audioBuffer.mData, index < Int(sourceFormat.channelCount) else { continue }
        // 區分非交錯與交錯格式進行複製
        let isNonInterleaved = asbd.mFormatFlags & kAudioFormatFlagIsNonInterleaved != 0
        if isNonInterleaved {
            if let dst = pcmBuffer.int16ChannelData?[index] {
                memcpy(dst, mData, Int(audioBuffer.mDataByteSize))
            }
        } else {
            if let dst = pcmBuffer.int16ChannelData?[0] {
                let offset = index * Int(frameCount)
                memcpy(dst.advanced(by: offset), mData, Int(audioBuffer.mDataByteSize))
            }
        }
    }
    return pcmBuffer
}