[Golang] 快速整理一些 Go 版本上的差異（使用者角度） (Go version change note since Go 1.3 to 1.12)

前言：

其實從 Go 1.10 之後大概就沒有認真的在確認每個版本的變更之處，所以在這裡整理一下 Go 1.3 ~ 1.12 的變革。 一些快速懶人包如下：

• 幾個大變動：
  • Go 1.5 : Pure Go for compiler and linker. go vendor.
  • Go 1.11: Go modules and WebAssembly support.

其他好奇的人可以查看 The State of Go.

(用英文寫，因為語言變化用中文實在不好表達)

Go version history (major change):

Since Go 1.3, here only list few major changed you might be interested.

• Go 1.3 (2014/06/18) (Detail Release note)
  • Start 6 months release cycle.
  • Remove support for Windows 2000
  • Support DragonFly BSD, FreeBSD

• Go 1.4 (2014/12/10) (Detail Release note)

  • Support build ARM processor of Android system.
  • Support go generate
  • Speed is slightly faster than 1.3

• (Big change) Go 1.5 (2015/08/19) (Detail Release note)

  • The compiler and runtime are now written entirely in Go (with a little assembler)
    • If you want to build go after 1.5, you need to install go 1.4.2 first.
  • Go programs run with GOMAXPROCS set to the number of cores available.
  • experimental support for “vendoring”
  • Add new tool go tool trace
• Go1.6 ( 2016/02/17) (Detail Release note)
  • Experienmental port 64-bit MIPS
  • Experienmental port for Android x86 (32bit)
  • HTTP/2 protocol support
  • “GO15VENDOREXPERIMENT” default enable.
• Go1.7 ( 2016/08/15) (Detail Release note)
  • Support macOS 10.12 Sierra
  • Remove “GO15VENDOREXPERIMENT” support.
  • Full support 64-bit MIPS
  • Move golang.org/x/net/context into standard library context.
    • Add context support for net, net/http, and os/exec.
  • net/http/httptrace for tracing event in HTTP requests.

• Go1.8 ( 2017/02/16) (Detail Release note)

  • Remove support for Mac OSX 10.7
  • go fix support context fix from golang.org/x/net/context into standard library context. (which happen in 1.7)
  • plugin package for loading such plugins at run time. Plugin support is currently only available on Linux.
• Go1.9 (2017/08/24) (Detail Release note)
  • Go now supports type aliases, detail refer to type alias design document and an article on refactoring.
  • Compiling a package’s functions in parallel
• Go1.10 (released 2018/02/16) (Detail Release note)
  • For travis CI, you need to specific version in “1.10”, rather than 1.10.
  • No need set for GOROOT and GOTMPDIR.
  • The go test command now caches test results, to bypass test caching using go test -count=1 to verify if any test failure unexpectly.

• (Big change) Go1.11 ( 2018/08/24) (Detail Release note)

  • Go 1.11 requires:
    • OS X 10.10 Yosemite or later.
    • Windows 7 or later.
  • Go 1.11 adds an experimental port to WebAssembly
  • Go 1.11 adds preliminary support for a new concept called “modules,”, GO111MODULE default off.
• Go1.12 ( 2019/02/25) (Detail Release note)
  • Go’s new windows/arm port supports running Go on Windows 10 IoT Core on 32-bit ARM chips such as the Raspberry Pi 3.
    • GO111MODULE default is on, (go modules will default enable)
  • go tool vet no longer supported.
    • godoc and go doc:
    • go doc begin from 1.4, compatible with godoc
    • godoc goes to pure web service since 1.12.
    • go doc goes to command line tool since 1.12.
    • The ReverseProxy now automatically proxies WebSocket requests.

Reference:

• The State of Go
• Go Release History